Cosmetic fountain brush



Sept. 29, 1959 E. o. FULLER ErAL 2,905,956

cosMETxc FOUNTAIN BRUSH Filed Feb. 18, 195o ATTORNEY United StatesPatent COSNIETIC FOUNTAIN BRUSH Edwin O. Fuller, Fairfield, and .lohn W.Anderson, Newtown, Conn., assignors, by mesne assignments, to .lohn

W. Anderson, Newtown, Conn.

Application February 18, 1950, Serial No. 144,934

6 Claims. (Cl. 15-136) This invention relates to personal accessories inthe nature of a rellable fountain brush for holding and applying tolinger nails quick drying coats of a highly volatile liquid such ascolor lacquers or similar cosmetics, cosmetic removers, perfumes, etc.,requiring for occasional use to be carried on the person or in a handbagwithout danger of leakage.

It is well known that vapors of highly volatile lacquers expand andcontract in Very sensitive response to small changes of temperature.When conned in the hollow handle or barrel of a fountain brush, suchchanges of temperature are capable of producing sharp variation inpressure of the vapors thus confined, so that on one occasion the vaporpressure in the chamber may be above atmospheric pressure while atanother time it may be below atmospheric. ln a suitably constructedhollow brush handle the mere Warmth of a users hand grasping the barrelportion of the handle can act to produce critical changes of the vaporpressure within the hollow of the handle. The present improvements makeuse of this phenomenon as a cooperating factor in controlling thedischarge of a volatile liquid from its storage chamber in the barrel ofthe fountain brush to and through the applicative bristles of the brush.Many kinds of volatile liquids are comprehended by the term lacquer asused herein.

The present invention further aims to utilize the pressure variationsabove referred to, not only for reliable control of the outward ow oflacquer as it is dispensed to and through the brush bristles, but alsofor solving ow control problems arising from the tendency of suchvolatile lacquers to cling onto and quickly dry or harden on the outersurface of the tuft of bristles after the brush has been used to apply acoating of lacquer.

A specific object of the inventon is to cause unused or excessquantities of the dispensed lacquer, which may be left as a coating onthe brush, to become automatically withdrawn inwardly through thebristles of the brush and returned to the storage chamber from which thelacquer was derived. Preferably this shall occur so quickly that anylacquer left in or on the outer brush bristles has no chance to dry andclog or stiffen them before it is withdrawn to the interior of the tuftof brush bristles.

A further object is so to dispose a tuft of brush bristles in relationto a restricted outlet for the lacquer from the containing chamber ofthe brush handle that there will be prevented any uncontrolled escape oraccidental dripping of the lacquer from the contines of the brushbristles when the brush is being used in inverted position for paintingthe finger nails, and so that the tuft of brush bristles shall receivejust enough lacquer from the supply stored in the handle to serve forapplying a coating thereof to the finger nails.

A further object is to construct a tuft of brush bristles having theabove mentioned flow controlling characteristics which at the same timeshall be so pliable as to fan out easily into attened form and thusproduce a sharp cornered outline shape of the bristle tuft in its areaof 2 Y wiping contact withA the surface being-painted. This is incontrast to the undesirable tendency of solidly massed wet bristles tobunch together in a manner opposing such thinning out of the tuft to afan shape yresponsively to pressure of the painting stroke.

A still further object is to provide a fountain brush barrel having atough resilient wall so proportioned in thinness and curvature as notonly to permit immediate heat exchange between the interior and exteriorof the barrel but also to permit self restoring deformation of theresilient barrel walls responsively to squeezing pressure by the usersfingers. Such squeezing .pressure thus can increase the lacquer ejectingtendency of the internal vapor pressure induced by Warmth caused rise invapor temperature.

Another object is to provide the aforesaid thin resilient barrel wallswith a protective closure cap that not only safely houses theapplicative bristles of the brush when not in use but also encompassesand armors the thin squeezable barrel walls of the brush handle toprevent undesigned squeezing thereof while the cap is in place. It is afurther object tomaintan such cap in, separated relation to the heattranslative barrel walls thereby to produce a dead air space inhibitingheat exchange between the inside of the barrel and the outside of thecap.

A further object is to lodge an applicative tuftsof brush bristles in afiller plug that serves as a vreadily removable stopper, it being thepurpose of such stopper to close the open relillable end of the brushhandle in a manner to form therewith a hermetic seal preventingevaporation or drying of the contents of the handle barrel.

A further and important object of the improved construction is topreventV accidental displacement of such liller plug from the otherwiseopen end of the brush handle when the aforementioned encompassingclosure cap is unscrewed from the brush handle.

These and related objects of the invention will appear more fully inconnection with the-following description of a practical embodiment ofthe invention in which description reference is made to the accompanyingdrawings, wherein:

Fig. l is a view of a fountain brush embodying the present inventionbeing used to apply a coating of color lacquer to the linger nail. n f

Fig. 2 is a view of the fountain brush drawn on an enlarged scale andshows itsl structure partially broken away to expose the assembledrelation of the parts.

F-ig. 3 is a greatly enlarged view of the butt structure of theapplicative brush by means of which a unitary tuft of bristles is lodgedin the removable filler plug of the brush handle.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the ller plug and its bristle tuftremoved from the barrel of the hollow brush handle.

Fig. 5 is a view looking at Fig. 4 in the direction of arrow 5.

Fig. 6 shows the protective cap removed fromthe structure of Fig. 2 withits wall partially broken away.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view drawn on the same scale as Fig. 3 showingthreaded engagement between the open end of the protective cap and thebarrel of the handle.

Fig. 8 lis a fragmentary view showing the ability of the tuft of brushbristles to flatten out to' a fan shape in the painting action of thebrush.

Fig. 9 is a View taken on line 9'9 of Fig. 2 'looking in an axialdirection at thenotched rim of thev open end of the brush handle.l

Fig. 10 is a transverse view of the wall of the handle barrel only,drawn on the same scale as in Fig. 1 and taken in section on the plane-1,0-'10 in Fig'. 2.

Fig. 11 is a view like Fig. 10 showing a modied con struction forstitening of the handle barrel wall lengthwise.

To attain the objectives of the invention the barrellike hollow handle12 of thefountain brush, which is adapted to contain a dispensiblevolatile lacquer, comprisesa deep cup having the closed bottom end 13and the relatively thick rigid cylindrical lower side walls 14 adjoiningin end-to-end relation the thin flexible and resilient side walls 15thereabove. For purposes hereinafter explained, the thickness of sidewall 15 may diminish along its length from say .020" at location B tosay .012 at location T. At least this much of the lengthwise extent ofthe thin barrel wall 51 between locations B and T is preferably composedof a molded plastic such as Nylon, a trademark of E. I. Du Pont deNemours & Co. for a resin of synthetic linear super polymers orpolyamides made most commonly from coal, air and Water. This is but onematerial having physical properties desirable for the present purposesincluding resilience or springiness, good tensile strength, toughnessand imperviousness to the escape of vapors therethrough, as Well ascorrosion-proof inertness, translucence, and the property when thin ofpermitting almost instant heat exchange therethrough between theexterior and the interior of the lacquer containing hollow handle. Allof the above described portions of the hollow brush handle mayadvantageously consist of nylon molded as an integral part.

At the location B the wall 15 is molded to a shape forming the threads18 of relatively low pitch in somewhat `spaced relation to the shoulder19 which latter is at the end-to-end junction of the thick handle wall14 and the thin-barrel wall 15. The rim of the top open end of barrel 12is somewhat thickened and strengthened by an outstanding annular flange22 yand provided with axially facing notches 21 whose sides are ofconsiderably steeper pitch than the threads 18. This open end of barrel12 receives internally thereof with a frictional hermetically sealingslip t the hollow cylindrical apron 23 of a closure head or iiller plug24 in whose main body portion 25 there is xedly wedged a unitary brushstructure including a ring-like tuft 26 of iine brush bristles as ofpony or squirrel hair or nylon.

Barrel wall 15 is preferably stiifened by one or more internalrectilinear illets 16 in the nature of a very thin straight beadextending lengthwise of the barrel between the end of plug apron 23 andthe shoulder 19, which llets may have the profile shape shown in Fig. l0and need increase the thickness of the wall in their region only by tenor twelve thousandths of an inch. Fig. 11 shows another form of slightlengthwise stiftening of the lbarrel by external straight ridges 17which need increase the thickness of the barrel wall no more than dointernal fillet beads 16. Straight beads and ridges such as 16 and/ or17 still leave the barrel walls sufficiently ilexible and resilient toyield inward to the squeeze of finger pressure but encourage theyielding exure to be distributed over the length of the barrel ratherthan concentrated locally at a single point in its length.

Certain features of the outer contour of filler plug 2A are important incontributing to the ability of the fountain ybrush to feed out aboutenough lacquer to coat a finger nail'that is being painted whileretaining within the con- 'fines iof the brush bristles all excess oflacquer over that VKactually required in the nail painting operation.

These contours form the cylindrical plug lapron 23 and they provide anaxially facingannular shoulder Vencircling the apron 23.,which isserrated to vform a series of axially faclng grip teeth 29 of size andshape to mesh with the notches 21 for the hereinafter explained purposeof at times restricting relative rotary loosening movement between plugY24-and wall 15. The top endof llerplug 214 is provided'with an externalconical'bevel at 31 which rernovable protective cap 33 later more fullyreferred to. Knurl-like ridges 27 molded in the cylindrical surface ofplug 24 having the largest diameter serve to roughen such surface forbetter finger grasp.

Plug 24 is further bevelled at 32 to form a conical depression servingas a catch basin closely bordering around the bristle tuft 26 fordetaining contiguous thereto any small excess of lacquer that drainsinto this depression until such excess lacquer is withdrawn by suctioninto the interior of the brush. Such suction is automaticaliy inducedwithin the hollow handle when its internal vapor pressure is lowered byrelief from the warmth of the users hand, permitting it to cool tonormal room temperature. Its eiect in withdrawing the excess lacquerinto the brush interior is augmented by increase in pressure of airtrapped in dome space 45 that will be occasioned by screwing the outerprotective cap 33 onto the brush handle as is hereinafter more fullyexplained.

Fig. 3 shows a tent-shaped cavity 34 centrally inside the ring of brushbristles 26. The spaciousness of cavity 34 is afforded by the angle atwhich the bristles are set and provides suflcient reservoir for thelacquer that is being fed outward through the brush. The ring ofbristles is ilared to a funnel shape by their manner of assemblage intoa unitary tuft before mounting in ller plug 24. The ring of bristles iswedged mechanically between an upwardly tapering external ferrule 35 anda downwardly tapering internal core tube 36. The outer periphery 37 offerrule 35 conforms to the frustum of a cone whose apex points upward.The inner surface of ferrule 35 conforms to the frustum of a cone whoseapex points downward. Likewise the outer periphery 39 of core tube 36conforms to the frustum of a cone whose apex points downward, while thecentral vertical hole 4t) through core tube 36 preferably conforms tothe frustum of a smaller cone having 4a similar degree of taper downwardoccasioned by the walls of core tuoc 36 being of uniform thickness. Thismakes hole 46 smallest at its bottom end or point of communication withthe interior of brush handle 12, a feature discovered to be ofparticular importance in control of the flow of the lacquer.

Understanding that ferrule 35 and core tube 36 may both be made of astiff substance such as aluminum, brass or other corrosion-proof metal,it will be seen that the ring of bristles 26 may be produced by firstloosely filling ferrule 35 with a proper number of bristles before it isassembled with plug 24; and while it is held axially upright, and theninserting the core tube 36 telescopically into the ferrule centrally inthe midst of such bristles while the core tube is held firmly in exactcoaxial alignment with the ferrule as the former is pressed endwise intothe latter. There results the assembled relationship of parts shown inFig. 3 where the butt ends 41 of the bristles become spread evenlyaround the circle of their ring-like arrangement and are wedged fixedlybetween the core tube and the ferrule. Vln outline shape the resultingring-like tuft of dry bristles tends to Hare conically outward at itsfree end 26' indicated-by broken lines in Fig. 3. However, when the tuft26 is soaked with a lacquer derived through the tube hole 40, the wetbristles of the tuft because of capillary attraction tend to clustermore closely at their free ends to the approximate shape shown in fulllines. Nevertheless the lflaringly directed bristles maintain theirreadiness to flatten i unit'previous'to its mounting within the body offiller plug "aords Aacircular s'eat "for as'eliiig shoulder 46 "on a 752,4, 'Such a bristle unitis interchangeablyand removably mountable inany filler plug by merely pressing ferrule 35 into a conical hole in theplug which hole wedgingly fits the outer periphery of the fernlle.

There remains to be described the protective cap 33 shown removed inFig. 6 and which is absent from Fig. lbut which in Figs. 2, 3 and 7 isshown in its assembled relation to the other parts of the fountainbrush. The upper walls 44 surrounding the dome space 45 at the closedend of the cap are relatively thick and they form a generally circularshoulder 46 at their junction with the relatively thinner side walls 47of the cap. However, side walls 47 are thick and stiif enough to be notindentable by finger pressure. Figs. 2 and 3 clearly show that walls 47also are over size in diameter in relation to the barrel wall 15 so thatthere is provided the annular heat insulative or dead air space 48 whichbales heat exchange between the interior and the exterior of the brushhandle. Near the bottom or open end of the cap, screw threads 49 areindented in cap wall 47, in Fig. 7 shown engaged with the projectingthreads 18 on barrel 12.

When cap 33 is screwed down by means of the threads 18 and 49 in Figs. 2and 7, its sharp edged internal annular shoulder `46 becomes forcedagainst the conical seat 31 of the iiller plug 24 with hermetic sealingtightness so that all access of air to the dome cavity 45 which housesthe bristle tuft 26 is precluded. This seating of shoulder 46 takesplace slightly before the extreme bottom end of cap 33 meets shoulder 19of the brush handle so that there remains thereat a small clearancespace 50 insuring against failure of shoulder 46 to make a hermeticallytight seal against the ller plug 24.

The complete cap equipped fountain brush is ordinarily carried on theperson or in a handbag with its cap held in place as shown in Fig. 2 sothat the interior of barrel 12 not only is mechanically armored therebyagainst accidental squeezing pressure on the cap walls 47 but at thesame time is insulated by the cap against heat exchange between itsinterior and its surroundings by the dead air space 48. Also the bristletuft 26 becomes isolated from ambient air as Well as from the air space48 by the seating of shoulder 46 on the ller plug 24. This effectivelyretards any dryl ing of Volatile liquid cosmetic on the outside of thebristle tuft, or resident in the drain cavity 32. Ordinarily, however,there will be little or no such residual liquid cosmetic for reasonsmade clear in the following description of operation.

The user first unscrews cap 33 from its threaded engagement 18, 49 withthe brush handle by turning it while holding the brush handle itselffrom turning by grasping the exposed bottom handle end v14. Any tendencythat this unscrewing of the cap might otherwise have to force ller plugto rotate with it, because of the firm seating of shoulder 46 againstthe ller plug, will be defeated by intermeshed relationship of lteeth 29on the filler plug with notches 21 on the barrel end 22 so that rotaryrelationship of these parts cannot be disturbed. The incline of theslanted sides of teeth 29 and notches 21 is so much more steep than thepitch of the cap retaining screw threads 18, 49 that slippage of theteeth out of the notches is prevented by the holding-down action of thecap shoulder 46 against the iiller plug seat 31 as the cap isk beingunscrewed. However, after the cap is removed the teeth 29 are free to becammed out of notches 21 by twisting plug 24 with a rotary motion as itis withdrawn from the barrel 12, this making it even easier to removethe plug purposely from the barrel than would be the case with astraight withdrawing pull. After removal of the cap, the barrel of thehandle 12 is grasped as a brush handle as shown in Fig. 1 and maneuveredto produce a painting stroke action of the bristle tuft 26 against thenger nail or other surface to be coated. p

A sucient ow of liquid cosmetic to accompany these painting strokes freefrom excessive ow thereof from the brush handle to the bristle tuft isoccasioned and controlled by two factors. 'First the warmth of the usershand becomes transmitted immediately through the thin barrel wall V12raising the temperature of the interior of the brush handle whichimmediately expands the vapors of the contained highly volatile liquidcosmetic. The resulting increased pressure of confined vapor tends toeject the cosmetic through the restricted outlet hole 40 into thebristle tuft cavity 34 and thence through the bristles to the surfacebeing painted. Secondly, if a suciently free flowis not induced by thistemperature and pressure eifect alone, the wall 15 will be slightlyindented by squeezing action thereagainst by the lingers that areholding and maneuvering the fountain brush. This reduces the volumetricsize of the barrel interior and gives an added impulse to the rise ofinternal fluid pressure within the handle and this in mechanicallycontrolled degree increases the ilow of the liquid cosmetic to thebristle tuft.

Under the pressure of the painting stroke the ring of bristles 26 asshown in Fig. 8 and by reason of its novel construction will readilyHatten out into fan shape producing a distinct and tapering corner inthe outline shape of the tuft with a corresponding =thinning of itsdimension and consequent increase of flexibility of the tuft. For thesereasons the tuft acts smoothly and well as a coating medium and iscapable of applying a controllably thin coating of lacquer in exactconformity with the outline of surface being painted. Corners of suchoutline of surface can easily be reached without` danger of dobbing thecosmetic outside of the surface area intended to be coated.

When the fountain brush has thus been used, it may be turned upright asin Fig. 2 and the cap replaced and held on by screwing its internalshoulder 46 tightly against the filler plug. Whether or not the cap isso restored, it is one of the new and valuable features of this improvedapplicator that any cosmetic remaining on the outside of the brush tuftor in the drain cavity 32 will, with very little delay, be withdrawnautomatically inward through the bristles of the tuft by the immediatereduction in vapor pressure, or partial vacuum, that occurs in thehollow ofthe handle upon removal of the warmth of the users handallowing it to cool. This` withdrawal will occur automatically anddependably regardless of the position of the fountain brush and whetherit is resting horizontally or upright.

Experiments show that in this improved construction the withdrawal oflacquer to the brush interior is hastened and made more complete andpositive by the fact that a fairly good air seal takes place at the capthreads 18, 49 the moment they become engaged so that the subsequentscrewing down of the cap by means of these threads and before sealingshoulder 46 closes against the plug seat 31, in effect compresses airtrapped in the combined spaces 45 and 48, thus mechanically producing ahigher than atmospheric pressure in the dome space 45. The forcefullnessof increased air pressure thus mechanically nduced will be greater witha givenY amount of cap rotation the greater the area of the internalsurface of the top of the cap, for this in effect acts as a pump piston.We therefore make the cavity 45 of as large transverse area as possiblein proportion to its height and volumetrically as large as ispracticable in proportion to the volumetric size of the handle chamberwithout sacrificing the other advantageous Afeatures of the constructionherein pointed out `such as overall slenderness of the fountain brush asa whole.

The appended claims are directed to and intended to cover all variationsof the exact sizes, proportions, relationships and specifications of theparts herein chosen to illustrate the invention as fairly come withinthe broadest interpretation `of the definitive terms of the claims.

We claim: Y

l. A fountain brush for dispensing Volatile liquid from a hollow handleof the brush with freeness of flowY controlled selectively either bysqueezingv `said handle or by changing the temperature of its contents,embodying in combination,a hollow elongate barrel forming a brush handlefor storing a volatile liquid sutiiciently slender to be grasped betweenthe thumb and lingers of a users hand, said barrel having an open endand a closed end and a cylindrical tubular wall composed throughout thegirth and throughout a major portion of the length of said barrel ofplastic suliciently thin to be quickly permeable throughout said girthand length to heat transmitted from the users hand to the interior ofthe handle and sufliciently exible to be indentable by linger pressurethroughout said girth and length, while sufficiently resilient to beself restoring to original shape when released from such pressure, anexternal screw thread on said barrel near said closed end thereof, aclosure head removably mounted on said open end of said barrel, a liquidapplicative tuft of bristles, means mounting said tuft on said headshaped and disposed to hold the said bristles on the said closure headin a manner to project therefrom in such slantingly divergent directionsas to form an ontharing tubular ring consisting solely of said bristles,a passageway through said head giving said tuft of bristles liu-idcommunication with the interior of said barrel, and a deeply cuppedprotective cap having an internally screw threaded open end in sealingengagement with said external thread on said barrel and having a rigidtubular wall encompassing both said barrel and said tuft, said cap wallbeing suiiciently larger than the girth of said barrel to aford a heatinsulative annular space therebetween and being sufficiently rigid toprevent the transmission to said liexible tubular barrel wall ofsqueezing pressure applied against said rigid cap wall, whereby fluidpressure in said handle can be increased to a liquid expelling forceselectively either by warming the handle with heat transmitted from theusers hand or by squeezing said tubular wall of the barrel by lingerpressure when said cap is removed.

2. A fountain brush for dispensing volatile liquid from a hollow handleof the brush with freeness of iiow controlled selectively either bysqueezing said handle or by changing the temperature of its contents,embodying in combination, a hollow elongate barrel forming a brushhandle for storing a volatile liquid sufliciently slender to be graspedbetween the thumb and fingers of a users hand, said barrel having anopen end and a closed end and a cylindrical tubular wall composedthroughout the girth and throughout a major portion of the length ofsaid barrel of plastic suiiiciently thin to be quickly permeablethroughout said girth and length to heat transmitted .from the usershand to the interior of the handle and sufficiently exible to beindentable by finger pressure throughout said girth and length, whilesufficiently resilient to be self restoring to original shape whenreleased from such pressure, an external screw thread on said barrelnear said closed end thereof, a closure head removably mounted on saidopen end of said barrel, a liquid applicative tuft of bristles, meansmounting said tuft on said head, a passageway through said head givingsaid tuft of bristles fluid communication with the interior of saidbarrel, and a deeply cupped protective cap having an internally screwthreaded open end in sealing engagement with said external thread onsaid barrel and having a rigid tubular wall encompassing both saidbarrel and said tuft, said cap wall being sufficiently larger than thegirth of said barrel to atford a heat insulative annular spacetherebetween and being sufficiently rigid to prevent the transmission tosaid liexible tubular barrel Wall of squeezing pressure applied againstsaid rigid cap wall, whereby huid pressure in said handle can beincreased to a liquid expelling force selectively either by warming thehandle with heat transmitted from the users hand or by squeezing saidtubular wall of the barrel by linger pressure when said cap is removed,said cap having an annular internal sharp edged sealing shoulder andsaid closure head presenting an external conical seat to said sharpedged shoulder against which seat the sharp edge of said shoulder isforced into contact along a generally circularline substantially devoidrof area of vcontact and -with Jhermetic sealing tightness when said capis turned in threaded engagement with said barrel, and said closure headbeing provided with means to interlock rotatively with said open end ofsaid barrel when said sealing shoulder on said cap is forced againstsaid seat on said closure head thereby to preclude relative rotarymovement between said closure head and said barrel when said cap isunscerewed from said handle.

3. A fountain brush as defined in claim 2, in which the said open end ofthe said barrel and the said closure head carry cooperative cam edgedsurfaces disposed to engage mutually with rotative interlocking elfect.

4. A fountain brush as dened in claim 3, in which at least one of thesaid cam edged surfaces of the said barrel and the said closure headincludes a camrning surface sloping suiciently steeper than the pitch ofthe said external thread on the said barrel to prevent turning of saidclosure head relatively to said barrel as long as the said sealingshoulder .of the said cap remains in sealing engagement with the saidseat on said closure head.

5. A fountain brush for dispensing volatile liquid from a hollow handleof the brush with freeness of ilow controlled selectively either bysqueezing said handle or by changing the temperature of its contents,embodying in combination, a hollow elongate barrel forming a brushhandle for storing a volatile liquid sufficiently slender to be graspedbetween the thumb and lingers of a users hand, saidY barrel having anopen end and a closed end and a cylindrical tubular wall less than .021lin thickness composed throughout the girth and throughout a majorportion of the length of said barrel of nylon suiiiciently thin to bequickly permeable throughout said girth and length to heat transmittedfrom the users hand to the interior of the handle and suliicientlyflexible to be indentable by finger pressure throughout said girth andlength while sul'liciently resilient to be self restoring to originalshape when lreleased from such pressure, an external screw thread onsaid barrel near said closed end thereof, said tubular wall beingpartially stiffened by a narrow integral ridge of said nylon extendinglengthwise of the barrel from proximate said external screw thread toproximate said open end of the barrel, a closure head removably mountedon said open end of said barrel, a liquid applicative tuft of bristles,means mounting said tuft on `said head, a passageway through said headgiving said tuft of bristles fluid communication with the interior ofsaid barrel, and a deeply cupped protective cap having an internallyscrew threaded open end in sealing engagement with said external threadon said barrel and having a rigid tubular wall encompassing both saidbarrel and said tuft, said cap wall being sufiiciently larger than thegirth of said barrel to aiford a heat insulative annular spacetherebetween and being suiciently rigid to prevent the transmission tosaid flexible tubular barrel wall of squeezing pressure applied againstsaid rigid cap wall, whereby liuid pressure in said handle can beincreased to a liquid expelling force selectively either by warming thehandle with heat transmitted from the users hand or by squeezing saidtubular wall of the barrel by iinger pressure when said cap is removed.

6. A fountain brush as deiined in claim 5, in which the said ridgeincreases the said thickness of said nylon barrel wall less than .013".

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